Gum
disease, also known as periodontal
disease, is usually caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms
between the gums and the teeth. If plaque is not removed with brushing and
flossing between the teeth, gum tissues that surround the teeth would become
irritated and inflamed. The inflamed gum tissues can progress to affect the
bone that surrounds and supports the teeth, which can result in tooth loss. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about
half of American adults have gum disease and many of them end up losing at
least one tooth and often several. CDC also reports that three out of
every four older Americans has gum disease.
There
are 4 general stages of Gum Disease:
· Stage
1: Gingivitis
is the early stage of gum disease caused by plaque buildup between the gums and
teeth
Gums bleed easily when brushed or
when probed gently during examination
Gums are inflamed and sensitive
to touch
Possible bad breath and bad taste
No bone loss, reversible gum
disease
· Stage
2: Early
Periodontitis has slight bone loss that supports the teeth
Gums may begin to pull away from
the teeth
Bleeding, puffiness and
inflammation more pronounced
Bad breath, bad taste
Non-reversible gum disease
· Stage
3: Moderate
Periodontitis-more bone loss
Gum boils or abscesses may
develop
Teeth look longer as gums begin
to recede
Teeth may begin to drift,
showing spaces
Bad breath, bad taste
Non-reversible gum disease
· Stage
4: Advanced
Periodontitis-most severe stage of the gum disease
Severe bone loss, receding gums,
roots may be exposed and are sensitive to hot and cold
Visible pus surrounding the
teeth and gums, loose teeth
Non-reversible gum disease
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